De una secularización insuficiente. Hegel y el judaísmo

Abstract

A study on Judaism in relation to Hegel's thought. Hegel, in his early theological reflections, constantly uses the contrast between the Greek and the Jew to situate dialectically the synthesis operated by Christianity. An analysis of Judaism is developed in a historical and systematic way from the philosophy of Hegel: the Jew is marked by hatred, distrust and hostility. Greek culture, on the other hand, places us in a different religious attitude towards life. The Greek is a child who plays with the products of his imagination, a child who only wants to enjoy his existence. In contrast, the Jew is a tormented teenager, a stranger to the world, who generates from pain and tear the figure of a protective and ruthless Father. Unlike the Greek, the Jew has suffered the hostility of nature. From this point of view, the Jew is the perfect antithesis of the Greek. The notion of religion in Hegel is analyzed in relation to myth and mythological regimes. Monotheism attests to a sudden secularization and to the irruption of the appropriable and administrable character of nature. In this aspect it is clearly distinguished from mythological religions, whose most notorious feature is precisely the divinization of the forces of nature. A philosophical reflection is presented on the crucial significance that Judaism has in the history of religions and in the history of thought and concretely from the philosophy of Hegel.