Actividad Antifúngica de Bacterias Contra Botrytis cinerea y Colletotrichum sp. que Afectan a la Fresa
Antifungal Activity of Bacteria Against Botrytis cinerea and Colletotrichum sp. Affecting Strawberry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57737/jqnnxg27Palabras clave:
Gluconobacter, Paenibacillus, Streptomyces, antracnosis, moho grisResumen
México es el quinto productor a nivel mundial de fresa y el Estado de Michoacán el principal proveedor nacional, aportando más del 62% de esta fruta. Dos de los principales patógenos de la fresa son Botrytis cinerea causando pudrición de fruto y especies de Colletotrichum induciendo antracnosis. Debido a la necesidad de evaluar microorganismos nativos cultivables que puedan ser usados como control biológico, se planteó este trabajo que tiene como objetivo evaluar la capacidad antagónica que ofrecen bacterias de distintos géneros (Bacillus, Gluconobacter, Paenibacillus y Streptomyces) contra los patógenos B. cinerea y Colletotrichum sp.) en confrontaciones in vitro. Los hongos se aislaron del fruto infectado y una vez purificados, fueron enfrentados en cultivos duales, contra las bacterias en medio de cultivo de PDA, obteniéndose el porcentaje de inhibición tras siete días de crecimiento. Las cuatro bacterias mostraron alta capacidad de inhibición: las especies de Bacillus aff. siamensis y Streptomyces aff. daghestanicus, fueron las que inhibieron en más de 80% el crecimiento del micelio de Colletotrichum, mientras que Bacillus aff. siamensis y Gluconobacter cerinusdisminuyeron a B. cinerea en más del 79%. Este trabajo servirá para profundizar en el estudio y la evaluación de la actividad antifúngica de organismos para combatir patógenos del cultivo de fresa.
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