Vol. 15 No. 30 (2025): Contexto Odontológico (agosto-diciembre 2025)
Artículos

Obesidad como factor de riesgo en el desarrollo y progresión de la Periodontitis/ Obesity as a risk factor in the development and progression of periodontitis

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  • Adrianna Silva-Mohedano,
  • Zureya Fontes-García,
  • Mara Gómez-Flores,
  • Fernando García-Arévalo
Adrianna Silva-Mohedano
Especialidad en Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México
Zureya Fontes-García
Especialidad en Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México.
Mara Gómez-Flores
Especialidad en Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México.
Fernando García-Arévalo
Especialidad en Periodoncia, Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48775/rco.v15i30.3236

Published 2025-10-16

Keywords

  • Periodontitis,
  • obesidad,
  • inflamación,
  • disbiosis,
  • nutrición,
  • IMC (Índice de Masa Corporal)
    • ...More
    Less

Abstract

La obesidad es caracterizada por una acumulación excesiva de grasa corporal, lo que incrementa el riesgo de enfermedades como diabetes tipo 2, trastornos cardiovasculares y metabólicos. El tejido adiposo, más allá de su rol en el almacenamiento de energía, actúa como un órgano metabólicamente activo que produce adipocitocinas, moléculas que influyen en la regulación metabólica, la inmunidad y la inflamación. Por otro lado, la periodontitis es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica que afecta las estructuras de soporte dental y se ha asociado con diversas condiciones sistémicas, incluida la obesidad. Aunque los mecanismos exactos que vinculan ambas enfermedades no están completamente comprendidos, se sugiere que la inflamación crónica, el estrés oxidativo y la resistencia a la insulina podrían desempeñar un papel en la patogénesis de la periodontitis. Es crucial investigar estos mecanismos para desarrollar enfoques de prevención y tratamiento eficaces.

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