Vol. 15 Núm. 29 (2025): Contexto Odontológico (enero-junio 2025)
Artículos

Impacto de enfermedades periodontales en pacientes del espectro autista

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  • Alina Gaxiola-Arias,
  • Zureya Fontes-García,
  • Mara Gómez-Flores,
  • Fernando García-Arévalo,
  • Leticia Guadalupe Gastelum-Verduzco
Alina Gaxiola-Arias
Residente de primer año de la especialidad en Periodoncia, UABC. Mexicali, México
Zureya Fontes-García
Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México.
Mara Gómez-Flores
Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México.
Fernando García-Arévalo
Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México.
Leticia Guadalupe Gastelum-Verduzco
Facultad de Odontología Mexicali, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, México.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48775/xxgmrm54

Publicado 2025-05-19

Palabras clave

  • espectro autista,
  • gingivitis,
  • enfermedades periodontales,
  • salud oral,
  • higiene oral

Resumen

Este estudio examinó el impacto de las enfermedades periodontales en la calidad de vida de pacientes con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) mediante una revisión general. Se analizaron 32 artículos seleccionados de bases como PubMed, Wiley Online Library y Google Académico, publicados en los últimos 5 años, de los cuales 25 abordaron la salud periodontal en esta población. Se identificaron características de los pacientes, así como factores asociados a dichas enfermedades, destacando la dificultad en la atención odontológica debido a la falta de preparación del personal dental y el temor de los padres, lo que limita la asistencia a revisiones tempranas. Se subraya la importancia de un enfoque empático e integral que involucre a la familia, docentes y sociedad para mejorar la adaptación y tratamiento. Se recomienda desarrollar sistemas de atención personalizados y estudios más profundos para enfrentar los retos en la salud bucal de esta población.

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